A binding spell is a magical formula intended to "bind"
a person's will or behavior. Examples of binding spells include love spells,
attempts to silence enemies, or any other magic intended to force or restrain
the action of another. As a form of sympathetic magic, many binding spells
involve the use of knots, pins, or other symbolic restraints. In older spells,
it is spirits or ghosts who are symbolically "bind" until they fulfill the
demands of the spell caster.
The
binding spell is probably one of the oldest types of magic known to
man. Examples have been found all over the globe, and were especially
popular in classical Greece and Rome. Other versions have been found in such
diverse cultures as Celtic Europe and ancient Egypt. Most called on various
deities or spirits to enforce the supplicant's requests.
The example illustrated
below was created in Egypt around the fourth century, and is of a very common
type. The little figurine is pierced with pins and accompanied by a lengthy
Greek spell requesting the aid of numerous chthonic deities and spirits of
the dead to compel fidelity and love:
"I entrust this
binding spell to you chthonic gods, Pluto and Kore Persephone Ereschigal
and Adonis also called
Barbaritha and Hermes chthonian Thoth Phokensepseu Erektathou Misonktaik
and Anoubis the powerful Pseriphtha, who holds the keys of Hades, and to
you chthonic divine demons, the boys and girls prematurely dead, the young
men and women, year after year, month after month, day after day, hour after
hour, night after night; I conjure all the demons in this place to assist
this demon Antinous. Rouse yourself for me and go to each place, to
each neighbourhood, to each house and bind Ptolemais whom Aias bore, the
daughter of Horigenes, so that she should not be [redacyted, nsfw] or should
not give any pleasure to another man, except to me alone Sarapammon, whom
Area bore; and do not let her eat nor drink nor resist nor go out nor find
sleep except with me Sarapammon, whom Area bore. I conjure you, Antinous
spirit of the dead, in the name of the Terrible and the Fearsome, the name
at whose sound the earth opens up, the name at whose sound the demons tremble
in fear, the name at whose sound rivers and rocks burst asunder. I
conjure you, Antinous spirit of the dead, by Barbaratham Cheloumbra Barouch
Adonai and by Abrasax and by Iao Pakeptoth Pakebraoth Sabarbaphaei and by
Marmaraouoth and by Marmarachtha Mamazagar. Do not disregard me, Antinous
spirit of the dead, but rouse yourself for me and go to each place, to each
neighbourhood, to each house and bring me Ptolemais, whom Aias bore, the
daughter of Horigenes; prevent her from eating, from drinking, until she
comes to me, Sarapammon, whom Area bore, and do not allow her to accept the
advances of any man other than me alone Sarapammon. Drag her by the
hair, the guts, until she does not reject me, Sarapammon, whom Area bore,
and I have her, Ptolemais, whom Aias bore, the daughter of Horigenes, subject
to me for the entire extent of my life, loving me, desiring me, telling me
what she thinks. If you do this, I will release you."
Fourth
century Greco-Egyptian binding spell- clay figurine embedded with copper needles
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