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Peace Pipe (calumet, chanupa, C'anupa)
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This is one the best known Native American symbols. The Lakota name chanupa means 'reed' (calumet means reed in French, and was used as an insult to native Canadians). It is used in Native ceremonies as a blessing and an offering. The phrase 'peace pipe' originates with western settlers who observed its use during peace negotiations.

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Aboriginal Shamanism
Traditional religions of indiginous tribes around the world, including Native American, Australian Aboriginal, and South American tribal practices.

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