In the Western occult tradition, each planet can be represented by a seal or diagram. The seal is based off of the planet's magic square, with the seal theoretically touching every number within the square, although in practice that is not always apparently the case.
The Seal of Jupiter follows the convention of overlapping every number of the magic square of Jupiter. In addition, the seal's construction reflects the method of the square's construction. There are a variety of number pairings which were originally inverted, and these numbers are all touched by the two diagonals. The circle includes the remaining numbers which were not moved during the construction of the magic square.
The circles appear to be for aesthetic reasons.